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Satchmo Blows Up The World

2013-10-30T01:50:45Z

Rharker:

{{Infobox book
| name = Satchmo Blows Up The World: Jazz Ambassadors Play The Cold War
| author = Penny M. Von Eschen
| publisher = Harvard University Press
| pub_date = 2004
| pages = 352
| isbn = 978-0674022607
| image = [[File:Satchmo.jpg|200px|alt=Cover]]
}}Penny M. Von Eschen’s skillful and entertaining analysis of government-sponsored jazz tours between 1956 and 1974 in ''Satchmo Blows Up the World: Jazz Ambassadors Play the Cold War'', “reveals a unique glimpse into the magnitude and hubris of the multifaceted American projects of global expansion in the post-World War II world, exposing troubling questions about the character of American global power in the decades that spanned the collapse of formal European colonialism” (25). Moreover, Von Eschen’s analysis of the tours of jazz musicians and their bands around the world between 1956 and 1974 expertly argues for the connectedness of America’s ever-changing Cold War foreign policy, the turbulent domestic politics of the Civil Rights movement, the domestic and foreign politics of the Vietnam War, and the social upheavals of the early 1970s. In so doing, ''Satchmo Blows Up the World'' highlights the interconnectedness of American domestic and foreign policies at a time during which “can-do foreign policy culture, which extended across Democratic as well as Republican administrations, policymakers exhibited extraordinary confidence in America’s ability to shape the world in its image with whatever tools it had”(5). And in highlighting the global power of jazz to bring ordinary citizens—and some politicians—together, Von Eschen situates this book amongst a litany of works on American foreign policy during the Cold War, that, with few exceptions, have neglected to study American cultural diplomacy efforts. (See, for example, Reinhold Wagnleitner, “Coca-Colonization and the Cold War: The Cultural Mission of the United States in Austria After the Second World War (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994).)

This chronicle of American Jazz as a foreign policy tool is arranged in nine chronological chapters that trace the government-sponsored jazz tours from, “the first major jazz tours—Dizzy Gillespie to the Middle East in 1956, Benny Goodman to South East Asia in 1957, and Dave Brubeck to Poland and the Middle East in 1958” (27) to the decline of the Jazz tours amidst the globalization of the music industry, an increase in the commercial viability of jazz, and “dramatic shifts in American politics—due to the Vietnam War, Watergate, and the energy crisis” of the early 1970s that “were undermining American policymakers’ confidence in their ability to shape the world” (249). Yet, along the way the reader is presented with a lively, entertaining, and thoroughly researched history that uncovers the internal contradictions and complexities of a program built upon the paradox of belittled black musicians being asked to extoll America’s “color blind” virtues abroad. Indeed, it is the tensions between the US State Department and the jazz artists that were sent on long tours of Cold War hotspots, new nations in post-Colonial upheaval, and, importantly, states that were the focus of CIA covert operations that bring this book to life. And it is in this way that American domestic and foreign policy are adeptly woven together with the growth and evolution of Jazz as a musical form. Thus, in addition to the important foreign policy implications of these tours, we are also shown how a musical genre that was being replaced by rock and roll in the 1950s exploded around the world and by the early 1970s, “could not be contained by one nation” (249).

From the very first tour in 1956 the tensions and complexities of the tours quickly became obvious. On the first tour, “Gillespie and his band members quickly realized that their own desires to play music and meet local musicians, as well as their own agenda of bringing jazz to new audiences, conflicted with the State Department’s focus on indigenous elites as target audiences in fraught political circumstances.” Yet, throughout the book we are also introduced to the different and complex personalities of the musicians themselves who, Von Eschen argues, were not passive pawns in the State Department’s attempts at cultural diplomacy. In the case of Gillespie, she argues, he “didn’t hesitate to defy State Department and local convention, promoting his own vision of America, which was considerably more democratic than that of the State Department” (35). Indeed, Von Eschen’s desire to tease out the complex and contradictory ideas and personalities involved in two-decades of government sponsored jazz tours is remarkable. Her discussion of the internal conflicts within jazz as well as the arguments and conflicts within the bands on the tours reminds the reader not to essentialize, or to conclude that African American musicians were a homogenous group during this period. Nor, that the State Department’s intention’s for the tours were passively accepted and acted upon.

The complex relationships between the State Department and the many bands and artists involved in the tours, however, are also revealed in the often-haphazard nature of these traveling jam sessions. Combined with artists that travelled with their own agenda, Von Eschen shows us the—at times—reactionary nature of American foreign policy. This was best seen during the Middle East crisis of July 1958 when Secretary of State Dulles ordered Dave Brubeck’s band to play more concerts in Iran and Iraq just weeks before General ‘Abd al-Karim Qassim’s coup d’état overthrowing the Iraqi monarchy (54). Moreover, the real pleasure in reading this book is demonstrated in the well-research minor details that add vivid color to these tours and their intimate and complicated relationship with American foreign policy. In the Middle East in 1958, for example, we are treated to the following funny anecdote:

“Alto Saxophonist Paul Desmond had left the group as they went to Iraq and had headed to Beirut for what he thought would be a peaceful vacation on the beach. Instead, Desmond woke up to 14,000 American marines wading ashore amid the sunbathers, to quell the threat of civil war in Lebanon and warn the new Iraqi regime that any threat to Western-controlled oil resources in the area would not be tolerated.”(55)

Von Eschen argues that using African Americans as cultural ambassadors at a time when Civil Rights were being demanded and fought for across the United States presented a number of challenges for the State Department who sought to use the jazz tours to counter negative perceptions of American ideas about race abroad by presenting images of a “color-blind” democracy at home (225). The most prescient challenge was that the musicians themselves, whether part of an all-black band or an integrated orchestra, wanted to speak about the injustices being done in Little Rock, Birmingham, and Montgomery. In refusing to be passive actors, Von Eschen effectively argues, they “represented hope and possibility not a smug claim to a perfected democracy.” Thus, the jazz tours emphasized the “possibility of democracy and global citizenship rather than the scripted power of empire” (259). Indeed, it is in demonstrating the power of the jazz musicians to shape the government’s narratives abroad and to complicate the exported image of the nation where Satchmo Blows Up the World is most effective.

This well-written and thoughtful analysis however has one weakness: the relative neglect of Von Eschen to effectively outline how the tours were impacted by the relationships between the host countries and the United States. While we are shown how the musicians themselves were artistically affected and often changed by the people and artistic traditions and performances that they encountered while on tours, the host countries (especially in the sections focusing on the tours to Africa) are often presented as passive recipients of Gillespie, Armstrong, and the other touring musicians. We are shown the impact and reaction on the Soviet Union and Nikitia Khruschev in chapter 4, “Getting the Soviets to Swing,” yet the tours are at times presented as uncontested by the host country. This omission, however, only slightly detracts from a work that is thoughtfully argued, highly entertaining, and carefully researched. In many ways it absolutely hits the right note!

[[Category:Twentieth Century United States]]
[[Category: Global History]]
[[Category:Wikify]]
[[Category:Book Summaries]]
[[Category:Penny M. Von Eschen]]

Satchmo Blows Up The World

2013-10-28T16:13:22Z

Rharker:

{{Infobox book
| name = Satchmo Blows Up The World: Jazz Ambassadors Play The Cold War
| author = Penny M. Von Eschen
| publisher = Harvard University Press
| pub_date = 2004
| pages = 352
| isbn = 978-0674022607
| image = [[File:Satchmo.jpg|200px|alt=Cover]]
}}Penny M. Von Eschen’s skillful and entertaining analysis of government-sponsored jazz tours between 1956 and 1974 in ''Satchmo Blows Up the World: Jazz Ambassadors Play the Cold War'', “reveals a unique glimpse into the magnitude and hubris of the multifaceted American projects of global expansion in the post-World War II world, exposing troubling questions about the character of American global power in the decades that spanned the collapse of formal European colonialism” (25). Moreover, Von Eschen’s analysis of the tours of jazz musicians and their bands around the world between 1956 and 1974 skillfully argues for the connectedness of America’s ever-changing Cold War foreign policy, the turbulent domestic politics of the Civil Rights movement, the domestic politics of the Vietnam War, and the social upheavals of the early 1970s. In so doing, ''Satchmo Blows Up the World'' highlights the interconnectedness of American domestic and foreign policies at a time during which “can-do foreign policy culture, which extended across Democratic as well as Republican administrations, policymakers exhibited extraordinary confidence in America’s ability to shape the world in its image with whatever tools it had”(5). And in highlighting the global power of jazz to bring ordinary citizens—and some politicians—together, Von Eschen situates this book amongst a litany of works on American foreign policy during the Cold War, that, with few exceptions, have neglected to study American cultural diplomacy efforts. (See, for example, Reinhold Wagnleitner, “Coca-Colonization and the Cold War: The Cultural Mission of the United States in Austria After the Second World War (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994).)

This chronicle of American Jazz as a foreign policy tool is arranged in nine chronological chapters that trace the government-sponsored jazz tours from, “the first major jazz tours—Dizzy Gillespie to the Middle East in 1956, Benny Goodman to South East Asia in 1957, and Dave Brubeck to Poland and the Middle East in 1958” (27) to the decline of the Jazz tours amidst the globalization of the music industry, an increase in the commercial viability of jazz, and “dramatic shifts in American politics—due to the Vietnam War, Watergate, and the energy crisis” of the early 1970s that “were undermining American policymakers’ confidence in their ability to shape the world” (249). Yet, along the way the reader is presented with a lively and thoroughly researched history that uncovers the internal contradictions and complexities of a program built upon the paradox of belittled black musicians being asked to extoll America’s “color blind” virtues abroad. Indeed, it is the tensions between the US State Department and the jazz artists that were sent on long tours of Cold War hotspots, new nations in post-Colonial upheaval, and, importantly, states that were the focus of CIA covert operations that bring this book to life. And it is in this way that American domestic and foreign policy are adeptly woven together with the growth and evolution of Jazz as a musical form. Thus, in addition to the important foreign policy implications of these tours, we are also shown how a musical genre that was being replaced by rock and roll in the 1950s exploded around the world and by the early 1970s, “could not be contained by one nation” (249).

From the very first tour in 1956 the tensions and complexities of the tours quickly became obvious. On the first tour, “Gillespie and his band members quickly realized that their own desires to play music and meet local musicians, as well as their own agenda of bringing jazz to new audiences, conflicted with the State Department’s focus on indigenous elites as target audiences in fraught political circumstances.” Yet, throughout the book we are also introduced to the different and complex personalities of the musicians themselves who, Von Eschen argues, were not passive pawns in the State Department’s attempts at cultural diplomacy. In the case of Gillespie, she argues, he “didn’t hesitate to defy State Department and local convention, promoting his own vision of America, which was considerably more democratic than that of the State Department” (35). Indeed, Von Eschen’s desire to tease out the complex and contradictory ideas and personalities involved in two-decades of government sponsored jazz tours is remarkable. Her discussion of the internal conflicts within jazz as well as the arguments and conflicts within the bands on the tours reminds the reader not to essentialize, or to conclude that African American musicians were a homogenous group during this period. Nor, that the State Department’s intention’s for the tours were passively accepted and acted upon.

The complex relationships between the State Department and the many bands and artists involved in the tours, however, are also revealed in the often-haphazard nature of these traveling jam sessions. Combined with artists that travelled with their own agenda, Von Eschen shows us the—at times—reactionary nature of American foreign policy. This was best seen during the Middle East crisis of July 1958 when Secretary of State Dulles ordered Dave Brubeck’s band to play more concerts in Iran and Iraq just weeks before General ‘Abd al-Karim Qassim’s coup d’état overthrowing the Iraqi monarchy(54). Moreover, the real pleasure in reading this book is demonstrated in the well-research minor details that add vivid color to these tours and their intimate and complicated relationship with American foreign policy. In the Middle East in 1958, for example, we are treated to the following funny anecdote:

“Alto Saxophonist Paul Desmond had left the group as they went to Iraq and had headed to Beirut for what he thought would be a peaceful vacation on the beach. Instead, Desmond woke up to 14,000 American marines wading ashore amid the sunbathers, to quell the threat of civil war in Lebanon and warn the new Iraqi regime that any threat to Western-controlled oil resources in the area would not be tolerated.”(55)

Von Eschen argues that using African Americans as cultural ambassadors at a time when Civil Rights were being demanded and fought for across the United States presented a number of challenges for the State Department who sought to use the jazz tours to counter negative perceptions of American ideas about race abroad by presenting images of a “color-blind” democracy at home (225). The most prescient challenge was that the musicians themselves, whether part of an all-black band or an integrated orchestra, wanted to speak about the injustices being done in Little Rock, Birmingham, and Montgomery. In refusing to be passive actors, Von Eschen effectively argues, they “represented hope and possibility not a smug claim to a perfected democracy.” Thus, the jazz tours emphasized the “possibility of democracy and global citizenship rather than the scripted power of empire” (259). Indeed, it is in demonstrating the power of the jazz musicians to shape the government’s narratives abroad and to complicate the exported image of the nation where Satchmo Blows Up the World is most effective.

This well-written and thoughtful analysis however has one weakness: the relative neglect of Von Eschen to effectively outline how the tours were impacted by the relationships between the host countries and the United States. While we are shown how the musicians themselves were artistically affected and often changed by the people and artistic traditions and performances that they encountered while on tours, the host countries (especially in the sections focusing on the tours to Africa) are often presented as passive recipients of Gillespie, Armstrong, and the other touring musicians. We are shown the impact and reaction on the Soviet Union and Nikitia Khruschev in chapter 4, “Getting the Soviets to Swing,” yet the tours are at times presented as uncontested by the host country. This omission, however, only slightly detracts from a work that is thoughtfully argued and carefully researched. In many ways it absolutely hits the right note!

[[Category:Twentieth Century United States]]
[[Category: Global History]]
[[Category:Wikify]]
[[Category:Book Summaries]]
[[Category:Penny M. Von Eschen]]

Satchmo Blows Up The World

2013-10-28T16:10:25Z

Rharker: Undo revision 1462 by Rharker (talk)

Satchmo Blows Up The World

2013-10-28T16:09:49Z

Rharker:

{{Infobox book
| name = Satchmo Blows Up The World: Jazz Ambassadors Play The Cold War
| author = Penny M. Von Eschen
| publisher = Harvard University Press
| pub_date = 2004
| pages = 352
| isbn = 978-0674022607
| image = [[File:Satchmo.jpg|200px|alt=Cover]]
}}

Penny M. Von Eschen’s skillful and entertaining analysis of government-sponsored jazz tours between 1956 and 1974 in ''Satchmo Blows Up the World: Jazz Ambassadors Play the Cold War''''''Italic text'''', “reveals a unique glimpse into the magnitude and hubris of the multifaceted American projects of global expansion in the post-World War II world, exposing troubling questions about the character of American global power in the decades that spanned the collapse of formal European colonialism” (25). Moreover, Von Eschen’s analysis of the tours of jazz musicians and their bands around the world between 1956 and 1974 skillfully argues for the connectedness of America’s ever-changing Cold War foreign policy, the turbulent domestic politics of the Civil Rights movement, the domestic politics of the Vietnam War, and the social upheavals of the early 1970s. In so doing, Satchmo Blows Up the World highlights the interconnectedness of American domestic and foreign policies at a time during which “can-do foreign policy culture, which extended across Democratic as well as Republican administrations, policymakers exhibited extraordinary confidence in America’s ability to shape the world in its image with whatever tools it had”(5). And in highlighting the global power of jazz to bring ordinary citizens—and some politicians—together, Von Eschen situates this book amongst a litany of works on American foreign policy during the Cold War, that, with few exceptions, have neglected to study American cultural diplomacy efforts. (See, for example, Reinhold Wagnleitner, “Coca-Colonization and the Cold War: The Cultural Mission of the United States in Austria After the Second World War (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994).)
This chronicle of American Jazz as a foreign policy tool is arranged in nine chronological chapters that trace the government-sponsored jazz tours from, “the first major jazz tours—Dizzy Gillespie to the Middle East in 1956, Benny Goodman to South East Asia in 1957, and Dave Brubeck to Poland and the Middle East in 1958” (27) to the decline of the Jazz tours amidst the globalization of the music industry, an increase in the commercial viability of jazz, and “dramatic shifts in American politics—due to the Vietnam War, Watergate, and the energy crisis” of the early 1970s that “were undermining American policymakers’ confidence in their ability to shape the world” (249). Yet, along the way the reader is presented with a lively and thoroughly researched history that uncovers the internal contradictions and complexities of a program built upon the paradox of belittled black musicians being asked to extoll America’s “color blind” virtues abroad. Indeed, it is the tensions between the US State Department and the jazz artists that were sent on long tours of Cold War hotspots, new nations in post-Colonial upheaval, and, importantly, states that were the focus of CIA covert operations that bring this book to life. And it is in this way that American domestic and foreign policy are adeptly woven together with the growth and evolution of Jazz as a musical form. Thus, in addition to the important foreign policy implications of these tours, we are also shown how a musical genre that was being replaced by rock and roll in the 1950s exploded around the world and by the early 1970s, “could not be contained by one nation” (249).
From the very first tour in 1956 the tensions and complexities of the tours quickly became obvious. On the first tour, “Gillespie and his band members quickly realized that their own desires to play music and meet local musicians, as well as their own agenda of bringing jazz to new audiences, conflicted with the State Department’s focus on indigenous elites as target audiences in fraught political circumstances.” Yet, throughout the book we are also introduced to the different and complex personalities of the musicians themselves who, Von Eschen argues, were not passive pawns in the State Department’s attempts at cultural diplomacy. In the case of Gillespie, she argues, he “didn’t hesitate to defy State Department and local convention, promoting his own vision of America, which was considerably more democratic than that of the State Department” (35). Indeed, Von Eschen’s desire to tease out the complex and contradictory ideas and personalities involved in two-decades of government sponsored jazz tours is remarkable. Her discussion of the internal conflicts within jazz as well as the arguments and conflicts within the bands on the tours reminds the reader not to essentialize, or to conclude that African American musicians were a homogenous group during this period. Nor, that the State Department’s intention’s for the tours were passively accepted and acted upon.
The complex relationships between the State Department and the many bands and artists involved in the tours, however, are also revealed in the often-haphazard nature of these traveling jam sessions. Combined with artists that travelled with their own agenda, Von Eschen shows us the—at times—reactionary nature of American foreign policy. This was best seen during the Middle East crisis of July 1958 when Secretary of State Dulles ordered Dave Brubeck’s band to play more concerts in Iran and Iraq just weeks before General ‘Abd al-Karim Qassim’s coup d’état overthrowing the Iraqi monarchy(54). Moreover, the real pleasure in reading this book is demonstrated in the well-research minor details that add vivid color to these tours and their intimate and complicated relationship with American foreign policy. In the Middle East in 1958, for example, we are treated to the following funny anecdote:

“Alto Saxophonist Paul Desmond had left the group as they went to Iraq and had headed to Beirut for what he thought would be a peaceful vacation on the beach. Instead, Desmond woke up to 14,000 American marines wading ashore amid the sunbathers, to quell the threat of civil war in Lebanon and warn the new Iraqi regime that any threat to Western-controlled oil resources in the area would not be tolerated.”(55)

Von Eschen argues that using African Americans as cultural ambassadors at a time when Civil Rights were being demanded and fought for across the United States presented a number of challenges for the State Department who sought to use the jazz tours to counter negative perceptions of American ideas about race abroad by presenting images of a “color-blind” democracy at home (225). The most prescient challenge was that the musicians themselves, whether part of an all-black band or an integrated orchestra, wanted to speak about the injustices being done in Little Rock, Birmingham, and Montgomery. In refusing to be passive actors, Von Eschen effectively argues, they “represented hope and possibility not a smug claim to a perfected democracy.” Thus, the jazz tours emphasized the “possibility of democracy and global citizenship rather than the scripted power of empire” (259). Indeed, it is in demonstrating the power of the jazz musicians to shape the government’s narratives abroad and to complicate the exported image of the nation where Satchmo Blows Up the World is most effective.
This well-written and thoughtful analysis however has one weakness: the relative neglect of Von Eschen to effectively outline how the tours were impacted by the relationships between the host countries and the United States. While we are shown how the musicians themselves were artistically affected and often changed by the people and artistic traditions and performances that they encountered while on tours, the host countries (especially in the sections focusing on the tours to Africa) are often presented as passive recipients of Gillespie, Armstrong, and the other touring musicians. We are shown the impact and reaction on the Soviet Union and Nikitia Khruschev in chapter 4, “Getting the Soviets to Swing,” yet the tours are at times presented as uncontested by the host country. This omission, however, only slightly detracts from a work that is thoughtfully argued and carefully researched. In many ways ''Satchmo Blows Up the World'' absolutely hits the right note!

[[Category:Twentieth Century United States]]
[[Category: Global History]]
[[Category:Wikify]]
[[Category:Book Summaries]]
[[Category:Penny M. Von Eschen]]

Satchmo Blows Up The World

2013-10-27T21:17:01Z

Rharker:

Satchmo Blows Up The World

2013-10-27T21:16:33Z

Rharker:

File:Satchmo.jpg

2013-10-27T21:15:57Z

Rharker:

Satchmo Blows Up The World

2013-10-27T21:14:28Z

Rharker: Created page with "{{Infobox book | name = Satchmo Blows Up The World: Jazz Ambassadors Play The Cold War | author = Penny M. Von Eschen | publisher = Harvard University P..."

{{Infobox book
| name = Satchmo Blows Up The World: Jazz Ambassadors Play The Cold War
| author = Penny M. Von Eschen
| publisher = Harvard University Press
| pub_date = 2004-01-01
| pages = 352
| isbn = 978-0674022607
| image = [[File:Satchmo.jpg|200px|alt=Cover]]
}}

[[Category:Twentieth Century United States]]
[[Category: Global History]]
[[Category:Wikify]]
[[Category:Book Summaries]]
[[Category:Pennyy M. Von Eschen]]

Twentieth Century United States

2013-10-27T21:11:51Z

Rharker:

==Book Summaries==
* Donna Alvah. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2010/12/29/women-and-children-first-the-importance-of-gender-and-military-families-in-the-cold-war-era/ Unofficial Ambassadors: American Military Families Overseas and the Cold War, 1946-1965] (2007).
* Alex Cummings. [[Here's How to Make a New Page: The Revenge, 1955-1957|Here's How to Make a New Page]] (2013).
* Luis Alvarez. [[The Power of the Zoot|The Power of the Zoot: Youth Culture and Resistance during World War II]] (2008).
* Karen Anderson. [[Wartime Women|Wartime Women: Sex Roles, Family Relations, and the Status of Women During World War II]] (1981).
* Eric Avila. [[Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight|Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight: Fear and Fantasy in Suburban Los Angeles]] (2004).
* Beth Bailey. [[America’s Army|America’s Army: Making the All-Volunteer Force]] (2009).
* Beth Bailey & David Farber. [[The First Strange Place|The First Strange Place: The Alchemy of Race and Sex in World War II Hawaii]] (1992).
* Beth Bailey. [[From Front Porch to Back Seat|From Front Porch to Back Seat: Courtship in Twentieth-Century America]] (1989).
* Mark Brilliant. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/californication-race-ethnicity-and-unity-in-twentieth-century-california/ Californication: Race, Ethnicity, and Unity in Twentieth Century California] (2012).
* Amy Bridges. [[Morning Glories]] (1999).
* Laura Briggs. [[Reproducing Empire|Reproducing Empire: Race, Sex, Science, and U.S. Imperialism in Puerto Rico]] (2002).
* Alan Brinkley. [[Voices of Protest|Voices of Protest: Huey Long, Father Coughlin, & the Great Depression]] (1983).
* Charlotte Brooks. [[Alien Neighbors, Foreign Friends|Alien Neighbors, Foreign Friends: Asian Americans, Housing, and the Transformation of Urban California]] (2009).
* Robert Caro. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/08/12/dog-days-classics-robert-caros-controversial-portrait-of-robert-moses-and-new-york/ The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the Fall of New York](1974)
* Adam Cohen and Elizabeth Taylor. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/08/18/dog-days-classics-political-boss-and-midwestern-pharaoh-richard-j-daleys-chicago-legacy/ American Pharaoh: Mayor Richard J. Daley - His Battle for the Nation and Chicago] (2001)
* Lizabeth Cohen. [[A Consumers’ Republic|A Consumers’ Republic: The Politics of Mass Consumption in Postwar America]] (2003).
* Lizabeth Cohen. [[Making a New Deal|Making a New Deal: Industrial Workers in Chicago, 1919-1939]] (2008).
* Nancy F. Cott. [[Public Vows|Public Vows: A History of Marriage and the Nation]] (2002).
* Pete Daniel, [[Lost Revolutions|Lost Revolutions: The South in the 1950s]] (2000)
* Mike Davis. [[City of Quartz|City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles]] (2006).
* Mike Davis & Michael Sprinker. [[Magical Urbanism|Magical Urbanism: Latinos Reinvent the US Big City]] (2001).
* Michael J. Dear. [[The Postmodern Urban Condition]] (2001).
* Robert C. Donnelly. [[Dark Rose]] (2011).
* Steven Erie. [[Globalizing L.A.|Globalizing L.A.: Trade, Infrastructure, and Regional Development]] (2004).
* Steven P. Erie. [[Beyond Chinatown|Beyond Chinatown: The Metropolitan Water District, Growth, and the Environment in Southern California]] (2006).
* Elizabeth Ewen. [[Immigrant Women in the Land of Dollars]] (1985).
* Barbara Ferman. [[Challenging the Growth Machine|Challenging the Growth Machine: Neighborhood Politics in Chicago and Pittsburgh]] (1996).
* John M. Findlay. [[Magic Lands|Magic Lands: Western Cityscapes and American Culture After 1940]] (1993).
* Steven Gregory. [[Black Corona|Black Corona: Race and the Politics of Place in an Urban Community]] (1999).
* Jason Hackworth. [[The Neoliberal City|The Neoliberal City: Governance, Ideology, and Development in American Urbanism]] (2006).
* William Ivy Hair. [[Carnival of Fury|Carnival of Fury: Robert Charles and the New Orleans Race Riot of 1900]] (2008).
* Chester W. Hartman. [[Yerba Buena|Yerba Buena: land grab and community resistance in San Francisco,]] (1974).
* Georgina Hickey. [[Hope and Danger in the New South City|Hope and Danger in the New South City: Working-Class Women and Urban Development in Atlanta, 1890-1940]] (2005).
* Richard Hofstadter. [[The American Political Tradition|The American Political Tradition: And the Men Who Made it]] (1989).
* Daniel Horowitz. [[Betty Friedan and the Making of “The Feminine Mystique”|Betty Friedan and the Making of “The Feminine Mystique”: The American Left, the Cold War, and Modern Feminism]] (2000).
* Daniel Martinez HoSang. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/10/06/erasing-race-whiteness-california-and-the-colorblind-bind/ Racial Propositions: Ballot Initiatives and the Making of Postwar California](2010)
* Jonathan Hughes (Editor)& Simon Sadler (Editor).[[Non-Plan|Non-Plan: Essays on Freedom, Participation and Change in Modern Architecture and Urbanism]] (2000).
* Daniel Hurewitz. [[Bohemian Los Angeles|Bohemian Los Angeles: and the Making of Modern Politics]] (2007).
* Marilynn S. Johnson. [[The Second Gold Rush|The Second Gold Rush: Oakland and the East Bay in World War II]] (1994).
* Tony Judt. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/01/24/neoliberalisms-license-to-ill/ Ill Fares the Land] (2011).
* Larry D. Kramer. [[The People Themselves: Popular Constitutionalism and Judicial Review]] (2004).
* Joel Kotkin. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/03/23/americas-ace-in-the-hole-is-of-course-its-awesomeness/ The Next Hundred Million:America in 2050] (2010)
* Kevin M. Kruse. [[White Flight|White Flight: Atlanta and the Making of Modern Conservatism]] (2007).
* Matthew D. Lassiter. [[The Silent Majority|The Silent Majority: Suburban Politics in the Sunbelt South]] (2007).
* William R. Leach. [[Land of Desire|Land of Desire: Merchants, Power, and the Rise of a New American Culture]] (1994).
* Michael F. Logan. [[Fighting Sprawl and City Hall|Fighting Sprawl and City Hall: Resistance to Urban Growth in the Southwest]] (1995).
* Roger W. Lotchin. [[Fortress California, 1910-1961|Fortress California, 1910-1961: From Warfare to Welfare]] (2002).
* Lisa Lowe. [[Immigrant Acts|Immigrant Acts: On Asian American Cultural Politics]] (1996).
* Robert S. Lynd & Helen Merrell Lynd. [[Middletown|Middletown: A Study in Modern American Culture]] (1959).
* Catherine Lutz. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/05/26/3187/ Homefront: A Military City and the American 20th Century] (2001).
* Nancy MacLean. [[Freedom Is Not Enough|Freedom Is Not Enough: The Opening of the American Workplace]] (2008).
* Isaac Martin. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/05/04/stalking-the-tax-man-the-pervasive-influence-of-the-property-tax-revolt/ The Permanent Tax Revolt: How Property Tax Transformed America] (2008).
* Douglas Massey & Nancy Denton. [[American Apartheid|American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass]] (1993).
* Carol Lynn McKibben. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/05/26/3187/ Racial Beachhead: Diversity and Democracy in a Military Town] (2012).
* Lisa McGirr. [[Suburban Warriors|Suburban Warriors: The Origins of the New American Right]] (2002).
* James Miller. [[Flowers in the Dustbin|Flowers in the Dustbin: The Rise of Rock and Roll, 1947-1977]] (2000).
* Glen M. Mimura. [[Ghostlife of the Third Cinema|Ghostlife of Third Cinema: Asian American Film and Video]] (2009).
* John Hull Mollenkopf. [[The Contested City]] (1983).
* Maggi M. Morehouse. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2013/02/11/double-victory-from-wwii-to-the-avf-african-americans-and-the-u-s-military/ Fighting in the Jim Crow Army: Black Man and Women Remember World War II] (2000).
* Edward P. Morgan. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2013/01/14/a-mediating-mess-how-american-post-wwii-media-undermined-democracy/ What Really Happened to the Sixties: How Mass Media Culture Failed American Democracy] (2011)
* Charles Moskos Jr. and John Sibley Butler. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2013/02/11/double-victory-from-wwii-to-the-avf-african-americans-and-the-u-s-military/ All That We Can Be: Black Leadership and Racial Integration the Army Way] (1996).
* Andrew H. Myers. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/05/26/3187/ Black, White, and Olive Drab: Racial Integration at Fort Jackson, South Carolina and the Civil Rights Movement] (2006).
* Armando Navarro. [[The Cristal Experiment|The Cristal Experiment: A Chicano Struggle for Community Control]] (1998).
* Becky M. Nicolaides. [[My Blue Heaven|My Blue Heaven: Life and Politics in the Working-Class Suburbs of Los Angeles, 1920-1965]] (2002).
* Margaret Pugh O’Mara. [[Cities of Knowledge|Cities of Knowledge: Cold War Science and the Search for the Next Silicon Valley]] (2004).
* Gilbert Osofsky. [[Harlem|Harlem: The Making of a Ghetto : Negro New York, 1890-1930]] (1996).
* Rick Perlstein. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/09/15/essence-precedes-existence-the-problem-of-identity-politics-in-hurewitzs-bohemian-la/ Nixonland: The Rise of a President and the Fracturing of America](2009).
* Rebecca Jo Plant. [[Mom|Mom: The Transformation of Motherhood in Modern America]] (2012).
* Daniel T. Rodgers. [[Contested Truths|Contested Truths: Keywords in American Politics Since Independence]] (1998).
* David Roediger. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/08/30/dog-days-classics-the-wages-of-whiteness-and-the-white-people-who-love-them/ The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class] (1991).
* Adam Rome. [[The Bulldozer in the Countryside|The Bulldozer in the Countryside: Suburban Sprawl and the Rise of American Environmentalism]] (2001).
* Richard Ronald. [[The Ideology of Home Ownership|The Ideology of Home Ownership: Homeowner Societies and the Role of Housing]] (2008).
* Peter Henry Rossi & Robert A. Dentler. [[The Politics of Urban Renewal|The Politics of Urban Renewal: The Chicago Findings]] (1981).
* Mike Royko. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/08/18/dog-days-classics-political-boss-and-midwestern-pharaoh-richard-j-daleys-chicago-legacy/ Boss: Richard J. Daley of Chicago] (1971)
* Roger Sanjek. [[The Future of Us All|The Future of Us All: Race and Neighborhood Politics in New York City]] (1998).
* Bruce Schulman & Bruce J. Schulman. [[The Seventies|The Seventies: The Great Shift In American Culture, Society, And Politics]] (2002).
* Joel Schwartz. [[The New York Approach|The New York Approach: Robert Moses, Urban Liberals, and Redevelopment of the Inner City]] (1993).
* Josh Sides. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/11/20/making-san-francisco-josh-sides-erotic-city/ Erotic City: Sexual Revolutions and the Making of Modern San Francisco] (2009).
* Nayan Shah. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/03/07/intimate-citizenship-the-influence-of-marriage-sexuality-and-transience-on-national-membership/Stranger Intimacy:Contesting Race, Sexuality and Law in the American Northwest] (2012).
* David J. Silbey. [[A War of Frontier and Empire: The Philippine-American War, 1899-1902]] (2007).
* Rickie Solinger. [[Beggars and Choosers|Beggars and Choosers: How the Politics of Choice Shapes Adoption, Abortion, and Welfare in the United States]] (2002).
* Allan H. Spear. [[Black Chicago|Black Chicago: The Making of a Negro Ghetto, 1890-1920]] (1969).
* Todd Swanstrom. [[The Crisis of Growth Politics|The Crisis of Growth Politics: Cleveland, Kucinich, and the Challenge of Urban Populism]] (1988).
* Ronald Takaki. [[Hiroshima|Hiroshima: Why America Dropped the Atomic Bomb]] (1996).
* Penny M. Von Eschen. [[Satchmo Blows Up The World|Satchmo Blows Up The World: Jazz Ambassadors Play The Cold War]] (2004).
* Robert Wiebe. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/08/27/dog-day-classics-robert-h-wiebe-and-the-search-for-order/ The Search for Order, 1877 - 1920] (1967).
* Andrew Wiese. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/01/16/getting-to-the-mountaintop-the-suburban-dreams-of-african-americans/ Places of Their Own: African American Suburbanization in the Twentieth Century] (2004)
* Rhonda Y. Williams. [[The Politics of Public Housing|The Politics of Public Housing: Black Women’s Struggles Against Urban Inequality]] (2004).
* William Appleman Williams. [[The Tragedy of American Diplomacy]] (2009).
* Gwendolyn Wright. [[Building the Dream|Building the Dream: A Social History of Housing in America]] (1983).
*Zimmerman, Andrew. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/09/26/the-ties-that-bind-the-transnational-trick-of-immobilizing-the-mobile/ Alabama in Africa: Booker T. Washington, the German Empire, and the Globalization of the New South] (2010).

Twentieth Century United States

2013-10-27T21:10:36Z

Rharker: Undo revision 1455 by Rharker (talk)

==Book Summaries==
* Donna Alvah. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2010/12/29/women-and-children-first-the-importance-of-gender-and-military-families-in-the-cold-war-era/ Unofficial Ambassadors: American Military Families Overseas and the Cold War, 1946-1965] (2007).
* Alex Cummings. [[Here's How to Make a New Page: The Revenge, 1955-1957|Here's How to Make a New Page]] (2013).
* Luis Alvarez. [[The Power of the Zoot|The Power of the Zoot: Youth Culture and Resistance during World War II]] (2008).
* Karen Anderson. [[Wartime Women|Wartime Women: Sex Roles, Family Relations, and the Status of Women During World War II]] (1981).
* Eric Avila. [[Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight|Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight: Fear and Fantasy in Suburban Los Angeles]] (2004).
* Beth Bailey. [[America’s Army|America’s Army: Making the All-Volunteer Force]] (2009).
* Beth Bailey & David Farber. [[The First Strange Place|The First Strange Place: The Alchemy of Race and Sex in World War II Hawaii]] (1992).
* Beth Bailey. [[From Front Porch to Back Seat|From Front Porch to Back Seat: Courtship in Twentieth-Century America]] (1989).
* Mark Brilliant. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/californication-race-ethnicity-and-unity-in-twentieth-century-california/ Californication: Race, Ethnicity, and Unity in Twentieth Century California] (2012).
* Amy Bridges. [[Morning Glories]] (1999).
* Laura Briggs. [[Reproducing Empire|Reproducing Empire: Race, Sex, Science, and U.S. Imperialism in Puerto Rico]] (2002).
* Alan Brinkley. [[Voices of Protest|Voices of Protest: Huey Long, Father Coughlin, & the Great Depression]] (1983).
* Charlotte Brooks. [[Alien Neighbors, Foreign Friends|Alien Neighbors, Foreign Friends: Asian Americans, Housing, and the Transformation of Urban California]] (2009).
* Robert Caro. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/08/12/dog-days-classics-robert-caros-controversial-portrait-of-robert-moses-and-new-york/ The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the Fall of New York](1974)
* Adam Cohen and Elizabeth Taylor. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/08/18/dog-days-classics-political-boss-and-midwestern-pharaoh-richard-j-daleys-chicago-legacy/ American Pharaoh: Mayor Richard J. Daley - His Battle for the Nation and Chicago] (2001)
* Lizabeth Cohen. [[A Consumers’ Republic|A Consumers’ Republic: The Politics of Mass Consumption in Postwar America]] (2003).
* Lizabeth Cohen. [[Making a New Deal|Making a New Deal: Industrial Workers in Chicago, 1919-1939]] (2008).
* Nancy F. Cott. [[Public Vows|Public Vows: A History of Marriage and the Nation]] (2002).
* Pete Daniel, [[Lost Revolutions|Lost Revolutions: The South in the 1950s]] (2000)
* Mike Davis. [[City of Quartz|City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles]] (2006).
* Mike Davis & Michael Sprinker. [[Magical Urbanism|Magical Urbanism: Latinos Reinvent the US Big City]] (2001).
* Michael J. Dear. [[The Postmodern Urban Condition]] (2001).
* Robert C. Donnelly. [[Dark Rose]] (2011).
* Steven Erie. [[Globalizing L.A.|Globalizing L.A.: Trade, Infrastructure, and Regional Development]] (2004).
* Steven P. Erie. [[Beyond Chinatown|Beyond Chinatown: The Metropolitan Water District, Growth, and the Environment in Southern California]] (2006).
* Elizabeth Ewen. [[Immigrant Women in the Land of Dollars]] (1985).
* Barbara Ferman. [[Challenging the Growth Machine|Challenging the Growth Machine: Neighborhood Politics in Chicago and Pittsburgh]] (1996).
* John M. Findlay. [[Magic Lands|Magic Lands: Western Cityscapes and American Culture After 1940]] (1993).
* Steven Gregory. [[Black Corona|Black Corona: Race and the Politics of Place in an Urban Community]] (1999).
* Jason Hackworth. [[The Neoliberal City|The Neoliberal City: Governance, Ideology, and Development in American Urbanism]] (2006).
* William Ivy Hair. [[Carnival of Fury|Carnival of Fury: Robert Charles and the New Orleans Race Riot of 1900]] (2008).
* Chester W. Hartman. [[Yerba Buena|Yerba Buena: land grab and community resistance in San Francisco,]] (1974).
* Georgina Hickey. [[Hope and Danger in the New South City|Hope and Danger in the New South City: Working-Class Women and Urban Development in Atlanta, 1890-1940]] (2005).
* Richard Hofstadter. [[The American Political Tradition|The American Political Tradition: And the Men Who Made it]] (1989).
* Daniel Horowitz. [[Betty Friedan and the Making of “The Feminine Mystique”|Betty Friedan and the Making of “The Feminine Mystique”: The American Left, the Cold War, and Modern Feminism]] (2000).
* Daniel Martinez HoSang. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/10/06/erasing-race-whiteness-california-and-the-colorblind-bind/ Racial Propositions: Ballot Initiatives and the Making of Postwar California](2010)
* Jonathan Hughes (Editor)& Simon Sadler (Editor).[[Non-Plan|Non-Plan: Essays on Freedom, Participation and Change in Modern Architecture and Urbanism]] (2000).
* Daniel Hurewitz. [[Bohemian Los Angeles|Bohemian Los Angeles: and the Making of Modern Politics]] (2007).
* Marilynn S. Johnson. [[The Second Gold Rush|The Second Gold Rush: Oakland and the East Bay in World War II]] (1994).
* Tony Judt. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/01/24/neoliberalisms-license-to-ill/ Ill Fares the Land] (2011).
* Larry D. Kramer. [[The People Themselves: Popular Constitutionalism and Judicial Review]] (2004).
* Joel Kotkin. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/03/23/americas-ace-in-the-hole-is-of-course-its-awesomeness/ The Next Hundred Million:America in 2050] (2010)
* Kevin M. Kruse. [[White Flight|White Flight: Atlanta and the Making of Modern Conservatism]] (2007).
* Matthew D. Lassiter. [[The Silent Majority|The Silent Majority: Suburban Politics in the Sunbelt South]] (2007).
* William R. Leach. [[Land of Desire|Land of Desire: Merchants, Power, and the Rise of a New American Culture]] (1994).
* Michael F. Logan. [[Fighting Sprawl and City Hall|Fighting Sprawl and City Hall: Resistance to Urban Growth in the Southwest]] (1995).
* Roger W. Lotchin. [[Fortress California, 1910-1961|Fortress California, 1910-1961: From Warfare to Welfare]] (2002).
* Lisa Lowe. [[Immigrant Acts|Immigrant Acts: On Asian American Cultural Politics]] (1996).
* Robert S. Lynd & Helen Merrell Lynd. [[Middletown|Middletown: A Study in Modern American Culture]] (1959).
* Catherine Lutz. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/05/26/3187/ Homefront: A Military City and the American 20th Century] (2001).
* Nancy MacLean. [[Freedom Is Not Enough|Freedom Is Not Enough: The Opening of the American Workplace]] (2008).
* Isaac Martin. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/05/04/stalking-the-tax-man-the-pervasive-influence-of-the-property-tax-revolt/ The Permanent Tax Revolt: How Property Tax Transformed America] (2008).
* Douglas Massey & Nancy Denton. [[American Apartheid|American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass]] (1993).
* Carol Lynn McKibben. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/05/26/3187/ Racial Beachhead: Diversity and Democracy in a Military Town] (2012).
* Lisa McGirr. [[Suburban Warriors|Suburban Warriors: The Origins of the New American Right]] (2002).
* James Miller. [[Flowers in the Dustbin|Flowers in the Dustbin: The Rise of Rock and Roll, 1947-1977]] (2000).
* Glen M. Mimura. [[Ghostlife of the Third Cinema|Ghostlife of Third Cinema: Asian American Film and Video]] (2009).
* John Hull Mollenkopf. [[The Contested City]] (1983).
* Maggi M. Morehouse. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2013/02/11/double-victory-from-wwii-to-the-avf-african-americans-and-the-u-s-military/ Fighting in the Jim Crow Army: Black Man and Women Remember World War II] (2000).
* Edward P. Morgan. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2013/01/14/a-mediating-mess-how-american-post-wwii-media-undermined-democracy/ What Really Happened to the Sixties: How Mass Media Culture Failed American Democracy] (2011)
* Charles Moskos Jr. and John Sibley Butler. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2013/02/11/double-victory-from-wwii-to-the-avf-african-americans-and-the-u-s-military/ All That We Can Be: Black Leadership and Racial Integration the Army Way] (1996).
* Andrew H. Myers. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/05/26/3187/ Black, White, and Olive Drab: Racial Integration at Fort Jackson, South Carolina and the Civil Rights Movement] (2006).
* Armando Navarro. [[The Cristal Experiment|The Cristal Experiment: A Chicano Struggle for Community Control]] (1998).
* Becky M. Nicolaides. [[My Blue Heaven|My Blue Heaven: Life and Politics in the Working-Class Suburbs of Los Angeles, 1920-1965]] (2002).
* Margaret Pugh O’Mara. [[Cities of Knowledge|Cities of Knowledge: Cold War Science and the Search for the Next Silicon Valley]] (2004).
* Gilbert Osofsky. [[Harlem|Harlem: The Making of a Ghetto : Negro New York, 1890-1930]] (1996).
* Rick Perlstein. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/09/15/essence-precedes-existence-the-problem-of-identity-politics-in-hurewitzs-bohemian-la/ Nixonland: The Rise of a President and the Fracturing of America](2009).
* Rebecca Jo Plant. [[Mom|Mom: The Transformation of Motherhood in Modern America]] (2012).
* Daniel T. Rodgers. [[Contested Truths|Contested Truths: Keywords in American Politics Since Independence]] (1998).
* David Roediger. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/08/30/dog-days-classics-the-wages-of-whiteness-and-the-white-people-who-love-them/ The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class] (1991).
* Adam Rome. [[The Bulldozer in the Countryside|The Bulldozer in the Countryside: Suburban Sprawl and the Rise of American Environmentalism]] (2001).
* Richard Ronald. [[The Ideology of Home Ownership|The Ideology of Home Ownership: Homeowner Societies and the Role of Housing]] (2008).
* Peter Henry Rossi & Robert A. Dentler. [[The Politics of Urban Renewal|The Politics of Urban Renewal: The Chicago Findings]] (1981).
* Mike Royko. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/08/18/dog-days-classics-political-boss-and-midwestern-pharaoh-richard-j-daleys-chicago-legacy/ Boss: Richard J. Daley of Chicago] (1971)
* Roger Sanjek. [[The Future of Us All|The Future of Us All: Race and Neighborhood Politics in New York City]] (1998).
* Bruce Schulman & Bruce J. Schulman. [[The Seventies|The Seventies: The Great Shift In American Culture, Society, And Politics]] (2002).
* Joel Schwartz. [[The New York Approach|The New York Approach: Robert Moses, Urban Liberals, and Redevelopment of the Inner City]] (1993).
* Josh Sides. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/11/20/making-san-francisco-josh-sides-erotic-city/ Erotic City: Sexual Revolutions and the Making of Modern San Francisco] (2009).
* Nayan Shah. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/03/07/intimate-citizenship-the-influence-of-marriage-sexuality-and-transience-on-national-membership/Stranger Intimacy:Contesting Race, Sexuality and Law in the American Northwest] (2012).
* David J. Silbey. [[A War of Frontier and Empire: The Philippine-American War, 1899-1902]] (2007).
* Rickie Solinger. [[Beggars and Choosers|Beggars and Choosers: How the Politics of Choice Shapes Adoption, Abortion, and Welfare in the United States]] (2002).
* Allan H. Spear. [[Black Chicago|Black Chicago: The Making of a Negro Ghetto, 1890-1920]] (1969).
* Todd Swanstrom. [[The Crisis of Growth Politics|The Crisis of Growth Politics: Cleveland, Kucinich, and the Challenge of Urban Populism]] (1988).
* Ronald Takaki. [[Hiroshima|Hiroshima: Why America Dropped the Atomic Bomb]] (1996).
* Robert Wiebe. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/08/27/dog-day-classics-robert-h-wiebe-and-the-search-for-order/ The Search for Order, 1877 - 1920] (1967).
* Andrew Wiese. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/01/16/getting-to-the-mountaintop-the-suburban-dreams-of-african-americans/ Places of Their Own: African American Suburbanization in the Twentieth Century] (2004)
* Rhonda Y. Williams. [[The Politics of Public Housing|The Politics of Public Housing: Black Women’s Struggles Against Urban Inequality]] (2004).
* William Appleman Williams. [[The Tragedy of American Diplomacy]] (2009).
* Gwendolyn Wright. [[Building the Dream|Building the Dream: A Social History of Housing in America]] (1983).
*Zimmerman, Andrew. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/09/26/the-ties-that-bind-the-transnational-trick-of-immobilizing-the-mobile/ Alabama in Africa: Booker T. Washington, the German Empire, and the Globalization of the New South] (2010).

Twentieth Century United States

2013-10-27T21:10:03Z

Rharker:

==Book Summaries==
* Donna Alvah. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2010/12/29/women-and-children-first-the-importance-of-gender-and-military-families-in-the-cold-war-era/ Unofficial Ambassadors: American Military Families Overseas and the Cold War, 1946-1965] (2007).
* Alex Cummings. [[Here's How to Make a New Page: The Revenge, 1955-1957|Here's How to Make a New Page]] (2013).
* Luis Alvarez. [[The Power of the Zoot|The Power of the Zoot: Youth Culture and Resistance during World War II]] (2008).
* Karen Anderson. [[Wartime Women|Wartime Women: Sex Roles, Family Relations, and the Status of Women During World War II]] (1981).
* Eric Avila. [[Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight|Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight: Fear and Fantasy in Suburban Los Angeles]] (2004).
* Beth Bailey. [[America’s Army|America’s Army: Making the All-Volunteer Force]] (2009).
* Beth Bailey & David Farber. [[The First Strange Place|The First Strange Place: The Alchemy of Race and Sex in World War II Hawaii]] (1992).
* Beth Bailey. [[From Front Porch to Back Seat|From Front Porch to Back Seat: Courtship in Twentieth-Century America]] (1989).
* Mark Brilliant. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/californication-race-ethnicity-and-unity-in-twentieth-century-california/ Californication: Race, Ethnicity, and Unity in Twentieth Century California] (2012).
* Amy Bridges. [[Morning Glories]] (1999).
* Laura Briggs. [[Reproducing Empire|Reproducing Empire: Race, Sex, Science, and U.S. Imperialism in Puerto Rico]] (2002).
* Alan Brinkley. [[Voices of Protest|Voices of Protest: Huey Long, Father Coughlin, & the Great Depression]] (1983).
* Charlotte Brooks. [[Alien Neighbors, Foreign Friends|Alien Neighbors, Foreign Friends: Asian Americans, Housing, and the Transformation of Urban California]] (2009).
* Robert Caro. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/08/12/dog-days-classics-robert-caros-controversial-portrait-of-robert-moses-and-new-york/ The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the Fall of New York](1974)
* Adam Cohen and Elizabeth Taylor. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/08/18/dog-days-classics-political-boss-and-midwestern-pharaoh-richard-j-daleys-chicago-legacy/ American Pharaoh: Mayor Richard J. Daley - His Battle for the Nation and Chicago] (2001)
* Lizabeth Cohen. [[A Consumers’ Republic|A Consumers’ Republic: The Politics of Mass Consumption in Postwar America]] (2003).
* Lizabeth Cohen. [[Making a New Deal|Making a New Deal: Industrial Workers in Chicago, 1919-1939]] (2008).
* Nancy F. Cott. [[Public Vows|Public Vows: A History of Marriage and the Nation]] (2002).
* Pete Daniel, [[Lost Revolutions|Lost Revolutions: The South in the 1950s]] (2000)
* Mike Davis. [[City of Quartz|City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles]] (2006).
* Mike Davis & Michael Sprinker. [[Magical Urbanism|Magical Urbanism: Latinos Reinvent the US Big City]] (2001).
* Michael J. Dear. [[The Postmodern Urban Condition]] (2001).
* Robert C. Donnelly. [[Dark Rose]] (2011).
* Steven Erie. [[Globalizing L.A.|Globalizing L.A.: Trade, Infrastructure, and Regional Development]] (2004).
* Steven P. Erie. [[Beyond Chinatown|Beyond Chinatown: The Metropolitan Water District, Growth, and the Environment in Southern California]] (2006).
* Elizabeth Ewen. [[Immigrant Women in the Land of Dollars]] (1985).
* Barbara Ferman. [[Challenging the Growth Machine|Challenging the Growth Machine: Neighborhood Politics in Chicago and Pittsburgh]] (1996).
* John M. Findlay. [[Magic Lands|Magic Lands: Western Cityscapes and American Culture After 1940]] (1993).
* Steven Gregory. [[Black Corona|Black Corona: Race and the Politics of Place in an Urban Community]] (1999).
* Jason Hackworth. [[The Neoliberal City|The Neoliberal City: Governance, Ideology, and Development in American Urbanism]] (2006).
* William Ivy Hair. [[Carnival of Fury|Carnival of Fury: Robert Charles and the New Orleans Race Riot of 1900]] (2008).
* Chester W. Hartman. [[Yerba Buena|Yerba Buena: land grab and community resistance in San Francisco,]] (1974).
* Georgina Hickey. [[Hope and Danger in the New South City|Hope and Danger in the New South City: Working-Class Women and Urban Development in Atlanta, 1890-1940]] (2005).
* Richard Hofstadter. [[The American Political Tradition|The American Political Tradition: And the Men Who Made it]] (1989).
* Daniel Horowitz. [[Betty Friedan and the Making of “The Feminine Mystique”|Betty Friedan and the Making of “The Feminine Mystique”: The American Left, the Cold War, and Modern Feminism]] (2000).
* Daniel Martinez HoSang. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/10/06/erasing-race-whiteness-california-and-the-colorblind-bind/ Racial Propositions: Ballot Initiatives and the Making of Postwar California](2010)
* Jonathan Hughes (Editor)& Simon Sadler (Editor).[[Non-Plan|Non-Plan: Essays on Freedom, Participation and Change in Modern Architecture and Urbanism]] (2000).
* Daniel Hurewitz. [[Bohemian Los Angeles|Bohemian Los Angeles: and the Making of Modern Politics]] (2007).
* Marilynn S. Johnson. [[The Second Gold Rush|The Second Gold Rush: Oakland and the East Bay in World War II]] (1994).
* Tony Judt. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/01/24/neoliberalisms-license-to-ill/ Ill Fares the Land] (2011).
* Larry D. Kramer. [[The People Themselves: Popular Constitutionalism and Judicial Review]] (2004).
* Joel Kotkin. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/03/23/americas-ace-in-the-hole-is-of-course-its-awesomeness/ The Next Hundred Million:America in 2050] (2010)
* Kevin M. Kruse. [[White Flight|White Flight: Atlanta and the Making of Modern Conservatism]] (2007).
* Matthew D. Lassiter. [[The Silent Majority|The Silent Majority: Suburban Politics in the Sunbelt South]] (2007).
* William R. Leach. [[Land of Desire|Land of Desire: Merchants, Power, and the Rise of a New American Culture]] (1994).
* Michael F. Logan. [[Fighting Sprawl and City Hall|Fighting Sprawl and City Hall: Resistance to Urban Growth in the Southwest]] (1995).
* Roger W. Lotchin. [[Fortress California, 1910-1961|Fortress California, 1910-1961: From Warfare to Welfare]] (2002).
* Lisa Lowe. [[Immigrant Acts|Immigrant Acts: On Asian American Cultural Politics]] (1996).
* Robert S. Lynd & Helen Merrell Lynd. [[Middletown|Middletown: A Study in Modern American Culture]] (1959).
* Catherine Lutz. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/05/26/3187/ Homefront: A Military City and the American 20th Century] (2001).
* Nancy MacLean. [[Freedom Is Not Enough|Freedom Is Not Enough: The Opening of the American Workplace]] (2008).
* Isaac Martin. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/05/04/stalking-the-tax-man-the-pervasive-influence-of-the-property-tax-revolt/ The Permanent Tax Revolt: How Property Tax Transformed America] (2008).
* Douglas Massey & Nancy Denton. [[American Apartheid|American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass]] (1993).
* Carol Lynn McKibben. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/05/26/3187/ Racial Beachhead: Diversity and Democracy in a Military Town] (2012).
* Lisa McGirr. [[Suburban Warriors|Suburban Warriors: The Origins of the New American Right]] (2002).
* James Miller. [[Flowers in the Dustbin|Flowers in the Dustbin: The Rise of Rock and Roll, 1947-1977]] (2000).
* Glen M. Mimura. [[Ghostlife of the Third Cinema|Ghostlife of Third Cinema: Asian American Film and Video]] (2009).
* John Hull Mollenkopf. [[The Contested City]] (1983).
* Maggi M. Morehouse. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2013/02/11/double-victory-from-wwii-to-the-avf-african-americans-and-the-u-s-military/ Fighting in the Jim Crow Army: Black Man and Women Remember World War II] (2000).
* Edward P. Morgan. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2013/01/14/a-mediating-mess-how-american-post-wwii-media-undermined-democracy/ What Really Happened to the Sixties: How Mass Media Culture Failed American Democracy] (2011)
* Charles Moskos Jr. and John Sibley Butler. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2013/02/11/double-victory-from-wwii-to-the-avf-african-americans-and-the-u-s-military/ All That We Can Be: Black Leadership and Racial Integration the Army Way] (1996).
* Andrew H. Myers. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/05/26/3187/ Black, White, and Olive Drab: Racial Integration at Fort Jackson, South Carolina and the Civil Rights Movement] (2006).
* Armando Navarro. [[The Cristal Experiment|The Cristal Experiment: A Chicano Struggle for Community Control]] (1998).
* Becky M. Nicolaides. [[My Blue Heaven|My Blue Heaven: Life and Politics in the Working-Class Suburbs of Los Angeles, 1920-1965]] (2002).
* Margaret Pugh O’Mara. [[Cities of Knowledge|Cities of Knowledge: Cold War Science and the Search for the Next Silicon Valley]] (2004).
* Gilbert Osofsky. [[Harlem|Harlem: The Making of a Ghetto : Negro New York, 1890-1930]] (1996).
* Rick Perlstein. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/09/15/essence-precedes-existence-the-problem-of-identity-politics-in-hurewitzs-bohemian-la/ Nixonland: The Rise of a President and the Fracturing of America](2009).
* Rebecca Jo Plant. [[Mom|Mom: The Transformation of Motherhood in Modern America]] (2012).
* Daniel T. Rodgers. [[Contested Truths|Contested Truths: Keywords in American Politics Since Independence]] (1998).
* David Roediger. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/08/30/dog-days-classics-the-wages-of-whiteness-and-the-white-people-who-love-them/ The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class] (1991).
* Adam Rome. [[The Bulldozer in the Countryside|The Bulldozer in the Countryside: Suburban Sprawl and the Rise of American Environmentalism]] (2001).
* Richard Ronald. [[The Ideology of Home Ownership|The Ideology of Home Ownership: Homeowner Societies and the Role of Housing]] (2008).
* Peter Henry Rossi & Robert A. Dentler. [[The Politics of Urban Renewal|The Politics of Urban Renewal: The Chicago Findings]] (1981).
* Mike Royko. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/08/18/dog-days-classics-political-boss-and-midwestern-pharaoh-richard-j-daleys-chicago-legacy/ Boss: Richard J. Daley of Chicago] (1971)
* Roger Sanjek. [[The Future of Us All|The Future of Us All: Race and Neighborhood Politics in New York City]] (1998).
* Bruce Schulman & Bruce J. Schulman. [[The Seventies|The Seventies: The Great Shift In American Culture, Society, And Politics]] (2002).
* Joel Schwartz. [[The New York Approach|The New York Approach: Robert Moses, Urban Liberals, and Redevelopment of the Inner City]] (1993).
* Josh Sides. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/11/20/making-san-francisco-josh-sides-erotic-city/ Erotic City: Sexual Revolutions and the Making of Modern San Francisco] (2009).
* Nayan Shah. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/03/07/intimate-citizenship-the-influence-of-marriage-sexuality-and-transience-on-national-membership/Stranger Intimacy:Contesting Race, Sexuality and Law in the American Northwest] (2012).
* David J. Silbey. [[A War of Frontier and Empire: The Philippine-American War, 1899-1902]] (2007).
* Rickie Solinger. [[Beggars and Choosers|Beggars and Choosers: How the Politics of Choice Shapes Adoption, Abortion, and Welfare in the United States]] (2002).
* Allan H. Spear. [[Black Chicago|Black Chicago: The Making of a Negro Ghetto, 1890-1920]] (1969).
* Todd Swanstrom. [[The Crisis of Growth Politics|The Crisis of Growth Politics: Cleveland, Kucinich, and the Challenge of Urban Populism]] (1988).
* Ronald Takaki. [[Hiroshima|Hiroshima: Jazz Ambassadors Play the Cold War]] (2004).
* Penny M. Von Eschen [[Satchmo Blows Up the World|Long Title: A History of Hypertext, from Memex to the Present]]
* Robert Wiebe. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2012/08/27/dog-day-classics-robert-h-wiebe-and-the-search-for-order/ The Search for Order, 1877 - 1920] (1967).
* Andrew Wiese. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/01/16/getting-to-the-mountaintop-the-suburban-dreams-of-african-americans/ Places of Their Own: African American Suburbanization in the Twentieth Century] (2004)
* Rhonda Y. Williams. [[The Politics of Public Housing|The Politics of Public Housing: Black Women’s Struggles Against Urban Inequality]] (2004).
* William Appleman Williams. [[The Tragedy of American Diplomacy]] (2009).
* Gwendolyn Wright. [[Building the Dream|Building the Dream: A Social History of Housing in America]] (1983).
*Zimmerman, Andrew. [http://tropicsofmeta.wordpress.com/2011/09/26/the-ties-that-bind-the-transnational-trick-of-immobilizing-the-mobile/ Alabama in Africa: Booker T. Washington, the German Empire, and the Globalization of the New South] (2010).

Modernity At Large

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{{Infobox book
| name = Modernity At Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization
| author = Arjun Appadurai
| publisher = Univ Of Minnesota Press
| pub_date = 1996-11-15
| pages = 248
| isbn = 0816627932
| image = [[File:Modernity at Large.jpg|200px|alt=cover]]
}}Arjun Appadurai’s Modernity at Large offers a provocative analysis of globalization in the last quarter of the twentieth century, with a particular focus on its cultural contents and consequences. Situating globalization in the context of what he views as the transition from an international to a postnational political order, Appadurai argues that the ease and frequency with which media and migrants cross borders is producing new ways of imagining and creating alternatives to the nation-state.

Appadurai’s work extends Benedict Anderson’s theorization about the role of “imagined communities” in the making of the nation-state into his own concept of “diasporic public spheres,” which he believes will bring about its demise. According to his analysis, these “diasporic public spheres” are forged in and through multiple overlapping “scapes” (ethnoscapes, financescapes, technoscapes, mediascapes, and ideoscapes), the conduits of global flows which, he contends, facilitate transnational imaginings and make the nation-state obsolete. Appadurai’s scapes offer a useful way of thinking about the fluid and circuitous nature of goods, images, and human populations in the late-twentieth century, as well as the ways in which they encourage the reimagining of human communities. Appadurai substantiates his case for the role of imagination in the process of world-making by examining the uses of statistical measurement and census classification in the colonization of India, and in the “Indianization” of cricket in the transition of India from a colonial to a postcolonial order. While his case studies help to shed light on the interplay between institutional structures, media, and human imagination in historical political transformations, his prediction about the role of late-twentieth century scapes in the supposed demise of the nation-state is less convincing. Appadurai does not take sufficiently into account the ways in which these scapes may be mediated or produced by—and thus reinforce the power of—the state itself. An exploration of the involvement of state power in the many scapes of the late-twentieth century world might reveal possibilities for a changing political order in which the state is neither dismantled nor replaced but rather supplemented new political forms.

Part of Appadurai’s argument about the coming decline of the nation-state rests on his analysis of the increasingly transnational nature of cultural groups and the erosion of the hyphen connects nation and state. As populations move across space and across borders, as they reconstruct and reimagine their histories, Appadurai contends that cultural groups are becoming less tied particular geographic places. He calls for a translocal approach to anthropology which can take more fully into account the complexity of human lives in the contemporary world. Although he may underestimate the persisting importance of local spaces for many cultural groups, Appadurai’s point about the need for greater attention to the complicated, translocal, and global processes that affect the lives and imaginations of people worldwide is well taken. Indeed, the relationship between the global and the local in the contemporary moment of globalization deserves (and is receiving) extensive interrogation. Whether or not current global processes diminish the importance of the local or the national, they certainly will change the terms by which we understand them.

[[Category:Global History]]
[[Category:Arjun Appadurai]]
[[Category:Wikify]]
[[Category:Book Summaries]]

Modernity At Large

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{{Infobox book
| name = Satchmo Blows Up The World: Jazz Ambassador Play the Cold War
| author = Penny M. Von Eschen
| publisher = Harvard University Press
| pub_date = 2004
| pages = 329
| isbn = 13 978-0-674-01501-2
| image = [[File:Satchmoblowsuptheworld.jpg|200px|alt=cover]]
}}Penny M. Von Eschen’s skillful and entertaining analysis of government-sponsored jazz tours between 1956 and 1974 in Satchmo Blows Up the World: Jazz Ambassadors Play the Cold War, “reveals a unique glimpse into the magnitude and hubris of the multifaceted American projects of global expansion in the post-World War II world, exposing troubling questions about the character of American global power in the decades that spanned the collapse of formal European colonialism.” (25) Moreover, Von Eschen’s analysis of the tours of jazz musicians and their bands around the world between 1956 and 1974 skillfully argues for the connectedness of America’s ever-changing Cold War foreign policy and the turbulent domestic politics of the Civil Rights movement, the Vietnam War, and the social upheavals of the early 1970s. In so doing, Satchmo Blows Up the World highlights the interconnectedness of American domestic and foreign policies at a time of “can-do foreign policy culture, which extended across Democratic as well as republican administrations, policymakers exhibited extraordinary confidence in America’s ability to shape the world in its image with whatever tools it had.”(5) And in highlighting the global power of jazz to bring ordinary citizens—and some politicians—together, Von Eschen situates this book amongst a litany of works on American foreign policy during the Cold War, that, with few exceptions, have neglected to study American cultural diplomacy efforts. (See, for example, Reinhold Wagnleitner, “Coca-Colonization and the Cold War: The Cultural Mission of the United States in Austria After the Second World War (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994).)
This chronicle of American Jazz as a foreign policy tool is arranged in nine chronological chapter. These chapters trace the government-sponsored jazz tours from, “the first major jazz tours—Dizzy Gillespie to the Middle East in 1956, Benny Goodman to South East Asia in 1957, and Dave Brubeck to Poland and the Middle East in 1958” (27) to the decline of the Jazz tours amidst the globalization of the music industry, an increase in the commercial viability of jazz, and “dramatic shifts in American politics—due to the Vietnam War, Watergate, and the energy crisis” of the early 1970s, that “were undermining American policymakers’ confidence in their ability to shape the world.” (249) Yet, along the way the reader is presented with a lively and thoroughly researched history that uncovers the internal contradictions and complexities of a program built upon the paradox of belittled black musicians being asked to extoll America’s “color blind” virtues abroad. Indeed, it is the tensions between the US State Department and the jazz artists that were sent on long-tours of Cold War hotspots, new nations in post-Colonial upheaval, and (importantly) states that were the focus of CIA covert operations that brings this book to life. And it is in this way that American domestic and foreign policy are adeptly woven together with the growth and evolution of Jazz as a musical form. Thus, in addition to the important foreign policy implications of these tours, we are also shown how a musical genre that was being replaced by rock and roll in the 1950s exploded around the world and by the early 1970s, “could not be contained by one nation.” (249)
From the very first tour in 1956 the tensions and complexities of the tours quickly became obvious. On the first tour, “Gillespie and his band members quickly realized that their own desires to play music and meet local musicians, as well as their own agenda of bringing jazz to new audiences, conflicted with the State Department’s focus on indigenous elites as target audiences in fraught political circumstances.” Yet, throughout the book we are also introduced to the different and complex personalities of the musicians themselves who, she argues, were not passive pawns in the State Department’s attempts at cultural diplomacy. In the case of Gillespie, she argues, he “didn’t hesitate to defy State Department and local convention, promoting his own vision of America, which was considerably more democratic than that of the State Department.” (35) Indeed, Von Eschen’s desire to tease out the complex and contradictory ideas and personalities involved in two-decades of government sponsored jazz tours is remarkable. Her discussion of the internal conflicts within jazz as well as the arguments and conflicts within the bands on the tours reminds the reader not to essentialize, or to conclude that African American musicians were a homogenous group during this period. Nor, that the State Department’s intention’s for the tours were passively accepted and acted upon.
The complex relationships between the State Department and the many bands and artists involved in the tours, however, are also revealed in the often-haphazard nature of these traveling jam sessions. Combined with artists that travelled with their own agenda, Von Eschen shows us the—at times—reactionary nature of American foreign policy. This was best seen during the Middle East crisis of July 1958 when Secretary of State Dulles ordered Dave Brubeck’s band to play more concerts in Iran and Iraq just weeks before General ‘Abd al-Karim Qassim’s coup d’état overthrowing the Iraqi monarchy.(54) Moreover, the real pleasure in reading this book is demonstrated in the well-research minor details that add vivid color to these tours and their intimate and complicated relationship with American foreign policy. In the Middle East in 1958, for example, we are treated to the following funny anecdote:

“Alto Saxophonist Paul Desmond had left the group as they went to Iraq and had headed to Beirut for what he thought would be a peaceful vacation on the beach. Instead, Desmond woke up to 14,000 American marines wading ashore amid the sunbathers, to quell the threat of civil war in Lebanon and warn the new Iraqi regime that any threat to Western-controlled oil resources in the area would not be tolerated.”(55)

Using African Americans as cultural ambassadors at a time when Civil Rights were being demanded and fought for across the United States presented a number of challenges, Von Eschen argues, for the State Department who sought to use the jazz tours to counter negative perceptions of American ideas about race abroad by presenting images of a “color-blind” democracy at home.(225) The most prescient challenge was that the musicians themselves, whether part of an all-black band or an integrated orchestra, wanted to speak about the injustices being done in Little Rock, Birmingham, and Montgomery. In refusing to be passive actors, Von Eschen effectively argues, they “represented hope and possibility not a smug claim to a perfected democracy.” Thus, the jazz tours emphasized the “possibility of democracy and global citizenship rather than the scripted power of empire.” (259) Indeed, it is in demonstrating the power of the jazz musicians to shape the government’s narratives abroad and to complicate the exported image of the nation where Satchmo Blows Up the World is most effective.
This well-written and thoughtful analysis however has one weakness: the relative neglect of Von Eschen to effectively outline how the tours were impacted by the relationships between the host countries and the United States. While we are shown how the musicians themselves were artistically affected and often changed by the people and artistic traditions and performances that they encountered while on tours; the host countries (especially in the sections focusing on the tours to Africa) are often presented as passive recipients of Gillespie, Armstrong, and the other touring musicians. We are shown the impact and reaction on the Soviet Union and Nikitia Khruschev in chapter 4, “Getting the Soviets to Swing,” yet the tours are at times presented as uncontested by the host country. This omission, however, only slightly detracts from a work that is thoughtfully argued and carefully researched: In many ways it absolutely hits the right note!

[[Category:Global History]]
[[Category:Americanl History]]
[[Category:Penny M. Von Eschen]]
[[Category:Wikify]]
[[Category:Book Summaries]]

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